All kinds of anti-UAV technical means are said to be black technology
2023-02-17
The UAV market has grown rapidly, and now UAVs play a role in aerial photography, mapping, delivery, rescue and other fields. However, there are also "troubles", such as affecting the aviation order and breaking into sensitive areas. These phenomena have also driven the rapid development of peripheral derivative industries. In addition to UAV supporting equipment and service providers, the "natural enemies" of UAVs have also benefited a lot, which has brought huge development opportunities to anti-UAV enterprises.
According to a survey data from the market research company Research and Markets, the compound annual growth rate of the anti-UAV market has reached 24% and will generate $1.14 billion by 2025.
At present, anti-UAV technologies in various countries mainly include acoustic interference, signal interference, hacker technology, laser gun, "anti-UAV" UAV, and seizing radio control.
1. Technical means: seize radio control
Representative unit: U.S. government
With the popularity of consumer-grade UAVs in the United States, the United States government has to take some tough measures to ensure the safety of low-altitude areas. The United States government uses a receiver to track and determine the UAV, irradiates the UAV with strong enough electronic signals, and seizes its radio control.
During operation, once the UAV cannot receive the signal, it will crash. In order to avoid this situation, the US government hopes to control the UAV by intercepting the transmission code used by the UAV, and guide it back to the operator.
2. Technical means: acoustic interference
Representative unit: Korea Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (KAIST)
Researchers from the Korea Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (KAIST) conducted resonance tests on the gyroscope, a key component of the UAV, and found that the acoustic wave can be used to make the gyroscope resonate and output error information, thus causing the UAV to fall. KAIST researchers will demonstrate this technology in Washington next week.
Jin Longda, a professor of electronic engineering at KAIST, said that the function of the gyroscope in the UAV is to provide information such as the tilt, rotation and direction angle of the body to maintain the balance of the body. Jinlongda's test shows that it is technically feasible to use external sound waves to make the gyroscope of UAV resonate, thus disturbing the smooth flight of UAV.
In the test, the researchers connected a very small commercial speaker to the UAV, which is about 4 inches (about 10 cm) away from the gyroscope, and then controlled the speaker to make sound wirelessly through the notebook computer. When the noise matched with the gyroscope was emitted, an unmanned aircraft that had been flying normally suddenly fell from the air. Or when the sound is strong enough (for example, 140 decibels), the sound wave can shoot down the UAV 40 meters away.
3. Technical means: signal interference
Representative unit: many countries
The UAV cannot obtain enough accurate self-coordinate data. Therefore, the combination of GPS satellite navigation system and inertial navigation system is adopted for the flight control of UAVs in various countries. The UAV also needs to know its precise position when taking photos, so the UAV is equipped with a GPS signal receiver.
As such, the GPS signal receiver of the UAV is vulnerable to electronic interference, which results in the UAV can only rely on the inertial navigation system based on the gyroscope and cannot obtain enough accurate coordinate data of its own. If there is no accurate terrain continuous survey, the information obtained with the help of cameras and video cameras will have no value. At this time, the UAV is mostly a flying camera, which means loss from both military and civilian surveying and mapping perspectives.
4. Anti-uAV means: multi-pronged
Representative enterprises: BlighterSurveyanceSystems, ChessDynamics and EnterpriseControl Systems, UK
A few days ago, several companies jointly developed the AUDS system, which integrates electronic scanning air defense radar, photoelectric indicator, visible light/infrared camera and target tracking software, and directional radio frequency suppression/jamming system. It can detect, track, identify, interfere and stop the UAV within 8 kilometers. The effective range of the system for the mini UAV is 1 km, and the effective range for the mini UAV can be several kilometers.
When radar signals are captured, once the UAV is identified as a threat, the system will send out jamming signals, which will cause its mission to fail and lead to a direct crash. This is a ruthless move.
5. Technical means: laser gun
Representative enterprises: Boeing, China Academy of Engineering Physics
Boeing has developed a laser gun, which is specially used to kill UAVs. Boeing uses a laser to burn a hole in the shell of a stationary UAV. In full power mode, the UAV shell caught fire after only two seconds. Boeing believes that the best way to eliminate the UAV is to burn a hole in it with a precision laser and let it fall from the air.
The laser gun's transmitter and ready-made gimbal (which can make the laser transmitter and camera aim at any direction) make it possible to accurately aim at any part of a UAV. For example, if you just want to burn down the tail of the UAV, let it fall, and then pick up the fuselage and study it to see who is trying to monitor you. Coincidentally, the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics has also developed devices with similar functions.
At present, anti-UAV technologies in various countries mainly include acoustic interference, signal interference, hacker technology, laser gun, "anti-UAV" UAV, and seizing radio control.
1. Technical means: seize radio control
Representative unit: U.S. government
With the popularity of consumer-grade UAVs in the United States, the United States government has to take some tough measures to ensure the safety of low-altitude areas. The United States government uses a receiver to track and determine the UAV, irradiates the UAV with strong enough electronic signals, and seizes its radio control.
During operation, once the UAV cannot receive the signal, it will crash. In order to avoid this situation, the US government hopes to control the UAV by intercepting the transmission code used by the UAV, and guide it back to the operator.
2. Technical means: acoustic interference
Representative unit: Korea Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (KAIST)
Researchers from the Korea Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (KAIST) conducted resonance tests on the gyroscope, a key component of the UAV, and found that the acoustic wave can be used to make the gyroscope resonate and output error information, thus causing the UAV to fall. KAIST researchers will demonstrate this technology in Washington next week.
Jin Longda, a professor of electronic engineering at KAIST, said that the function of the gyroscope in the UAV is to provide information such as the tilt, rotation and direction angle of the body to maintain the balance of the body. Jinlongda's test shows that it is technically feasible to use external sound waves to make the gyroscope of UAV resonate, thus disturbing the smooth flight of UAV.
In the test, the researchers connected a very small commercial speaker to the UAV, which is about 4 inches (about 10 cm) away from the gyroscope, and then controlled the speaker to make sound wirelessly through the notebook computer. When the noise matched with the gyroscope was emitted, an unmanned aircraft that had been flying normally suddenly fell from the air. Or when the sound is strong enough (for example, 140 decibels), the sound wave can shoot down the UAV 40 meters away.
3. Technical means: signal interference
Representative unit: many countries
The UAV cannot obtain enough accurate self-coordinate data. Therefore, the combination of GPS satellite navigation system and inertial navigation system is adopted for the flight control of UAVs in various countries. The UAV also needs to know its precise position when taking photos, so the UAV is equipped with a GPS signal receiver.
As such, the GPS signal receiver of the UAV is vulnerable to electronic interference, which results in the UAV can only rely on the inertial navigation system based on the gyroscope and cannot obtain enough accurate coordinate data of its own. If there is no accurate terrain continuous survey, the information obtained with the help of cameras and video cameras will have no value. At this time, the UAV is mostly a flying camera, which means loss from both military and civilian surveying and mapping perspectives.
4. Anti-uAV means: multi-pronged
Representative enterprises: BlighterSurveyanceSystems, ChessDynamics and EnterpriseControl Systems, UK
A few days ago, several companies jointly developed the AUDS system, which integrates electronic scanning air defense radar, photoelectric indicator, visible light/infrared camera and target tracking software, and directional radio frequency suppression/jamming system. It can detect, track, identify, interfere and stop the UAV within 8 kilometers. The effective range of the system for the mini UAV is 1 km, and the effective range for the mini UAV can be several kilometers.
When radar signals are captured, once the UAV is identified as a threat, the system will send out jamming signals, which will cause its mission to fail and lead to a direct crash. This is a ruthless move.
5. Technical means: laser gun
Representative enterprises: Boeing, China Academy of Engineering Physics
Boeing has developed a laser gun, which is specially used to kill UAVs. Boeing uses a laser to burn a hole in the shell of a stationary UAV. In full power mode, the UAV shell caught fire after only two seconds. Boeing believes that the best way to eliminate the UAV is to burn a hole in it with a precision laser and let it fall from the air.
The laser gun's transmitter and ready-made gimbal (which can make the laser transmitter and camera aim at any direction) make it possible to accurately aim at any part of a UAV. For example, if you just want to burn down the tail of the UAV, let it fall, and then pick up the fuselage and study it to see who is trying to monitor you. Coincidentally, the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics has also developed devices with similar functions.
